To Assess The Role Of Vitamin B12 And Homocysteine Level In Non Smokers And Chronic Smokers

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Smoking is associated with an increased risk of illness and death. Smoking is associated with elevated levels of homocysteine ​​in the blood. Both are associated with a higher risk of heart disease. Smokers have low levels of vitamin B12, which affects homocysteine ​​levels by acting as a cofactor or co substrate (folate) of enzymes that regulate homocysteine ​​metabolism.Homocysteine ​​is a metabolite of the basic amino acid methionine that acts as a mediator. In people with hereditary homocystinuria, the association between high circulating levels of homocysteine ​​and thrombotic events of the premature arteries is well established.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This study was a case-control study, conducted in the Department of biochemistry and medicine at DMMC & SMHRC, Nagpur in collaboration with ABVRH, Sawangi (Meghe) during September 2020 to February 2021. In the present study, the total number of subjects included was 200 having age Group between 30 and 60. The subjects were divided in two groups. Group 1: 100 subjects chronic smokers and Group 2: 100 subjects   non- smokers.

RESULT:

The homocysteine concentration significantly increased in group 1 (chronic smokers) 18.50±8.40 as compared to group 02 (non-smokers) 8.30±5.30 and p value p<0.005.vitamin B12 concentration significantly decreased in group 01 (chronic smokers) 340.80±124.70 as compared to group 02 (non-smokers) 485.45±175.68 and p value p<0.005. Vitamin c concentration significantly decreased in group 1 (chronic smokers) 0.46±0.07 as compared to group 02 (non-smokers) 1.12±0.15 and p value p<0.005.

CONCLUSION:

Current research concludes that smoking raises Homocysteine ​​levels and lowers vitamin B12 concentration leading to increased risk of heart disease among chronic smokers.