Methylation Of Deoxyribonucleic Acid As Potential Biomarker For Progression Of Oral Potentially Malignant Diseases Cavity: A Systemic Review

Authors

  • Dr. Mimansha Patel, Dr. Madhuri Nitin Gawande, Dr. Minal Shashikant Chaudhary, Dr. Alka Harish Hande, Dr. Prajakta R. Zade, Dr. Swati K. Patil

Abstract

Background: Although biopsy and cytology are believed to be standard methods of diagnosis of precancer and cancer of oral cavity but they are not much useful in analysing the progression of these conditions. This is because there cannot be biopsy at regular intervals as it will cause increased morbidity to patients. Besides there are variations in the findings of histopathological and clinical investigations. It has been also reported that changes in genes is also present which can indicate progress of precancer and cancer of oral cavity. Methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid is a genetic alteration in which there is methyl group addition with the dinucleotide ( CpG)  of  deoxyribonucleic acid. In present research there was systemic reviewing of the already available studies conducted for analysing the patterns of deoxyribonucleic acid methylation in lesions and conditions of oral and region which has premalignant nature. This was done with an objective of establishment of abnormal methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid as effective diagnostic molecular biomarker for the progress of premalignancy and malignancy of the oral cavity.

Methods: For carrying out this review there was extensive search of literature which included different studies which have been conducted earlier focussed on methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid in lesions and conditions of oral region which has premalignant nature. The search was carried out in standard source of literature like Pubmed indexed journals,  web of science indexed literature  and embase indexed literature. The literature was searched before 29th March 2021 and after 2001 in English language mainly.

Results and discussion: There were final selection of twenty one original research articles to carry out review. Out of twenty one studies analysed 18 studies were cross-sectional while three studies were longitudinal studies. It was found that 21 studies demonstrated increased methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid. The genes most commonly affected by abnormal methylation  were tumour suppressor genes. The loci which were most commonly affected due increased methylation were p16, p14, MGMT and DAPK. Some of the other loci which were less commonly hypermethylated were KCNAB3, ZNF454, TRHDE.

Conclusion: It can be concluded from this systemic review that methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid can be considered as an effective molecular biomarker to assess progression of premalignancy and malignancy of oral cavity.

Published

2021-10-01

How to Cite

Dr. Mimansha Patel, Dr. Madhuri Nitin Gawande, Dr. Minal Shashikant Chaudhary, Dr. Alka Harish Hande, Dr. Prajakta R. Zade, Dr. Swati K. Patil. (2021). Methylation Of Deoxyribonucleic Acid As Potential Biomarker For Progression Of Oral Potentially Malignant Diseases Cavity: A Systemic Review. Drugs and Cell Therapies in Hematology, 10(1), 3900–3925. Retrieved from http://dcth.org/index.php/journal/article/view/749

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