Covid-19 : The Pandemic

Abstract

Corona Virus is a RNA virus, that spreads through infected secretions such as saliva and respiratory secretions or respiratory droplets, which are expelled when an infected person coughs, sneezes, talks or come in close proximity without using a mask, therefore the virus has been termed as severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Corona viruses is a beta-virus, enveloped 30kb positive single stranded RNA viruses. It is largest of any RNA virus. COVID-19 Infection leads to severe acute respiratory syndrome in the infected individuals. however in severe cases this results in extensive immune-pathology in the lungs. The first case of corona was reported on November 17, 2019 in Wuhan. At first China has identified it as Pneumonia of unknown origin, but later has on laboratory examination it was found to be a virus that belongs to the Corona virus family. According to World Health organization, the first confirmed case was reported on December 1, 2019 and WHO declared ‘acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 (SARS Co-2)’as a pandemic on March 12, 2020. . During the first wave of COVID-19, different nations across the world have fought against the virus in different ways such as recurrent lockdowns, building awareness of usage of masks and social distancing and prohibiting gatherings in an area. In areas with increased COVID cases, high morbidity and mortality the risk of further increase in contamination of the area becomes more, this was prevented by implementing Containment area zones. The medical resources were put to use and there struggles going on to introduce a vaccine against corona virus. But in the January 2021 the vaccination program in India has started. The vaccination was first given to the frontline workers like the Doctors, nurses, ward boys and the police after this the population was vaccinated on the basis of registration.